敢问路在何方——战略规划的产生、发展与未来

批判地总结了广州总体发展概念规划、南京城市发展战略研究和江阴总体发展概念规划。并在此基础上 ,尝试归纳现阶段我国战略规划实践的技术特点 ,着重剖析了当前战略规划实践产生的成因、政府组织环境的影响 ,及其制度化的前景。结论指出 ,我国目前尚未形成真正的制度意义上的战略规划 ;战略规划实践开展的面越广 ,先行城市规划编制体系面临的两难就越突出 ;战略规划实践可能成为自下而上推动规划编制体系改革的力量 ,并在加强区域研究方面具有进步意义 ,然而必须警惕战略规划实践中因立场不同而可能出现的地方利益与区域协调发展的冲突。     

重物高空坠落撞击多层钢筋混凝土楼板的仿真计算分析

本文针对重物高空坠落高速撞击钢筋混凝土楼（屋）盖时的结构损伤分析，根据弹塑性靶板理论以及动能守恒定理提出了一种计算板及周边梁中内力的简化手算算法。计算结果和现场实测资料吻合，说明该算法可以用于实际工程。     

粗合成纤维增强混凝土的冲击动载特性

为了研究将掺量为6-13kg／m^3的粗合成纤维和掺量40-60kg／m^3的钢纤维掺入水泥混凝土后，对硬化混凝土动载特性的效用，试验研究了国产异型聚丙烯、日本Barchip、美国Forta粗合成纤维和钢纤维增强混凝土的抗弯冲击性能，探讨了纤维掺量对冲击动载特性的影响。研究表明：纤维掺量增加，纤维混凝土梁的初裂冲击次数先增加后减少，破坏冲击次数一直增加：粗合成纤维对混凝土冲击性能有显著的增韧效果，混凝土由脆性破坏变为有良好的延展性。     

PCB dry and wet weather concentration and load comparisons in Houston-area urban channels

All 209 PCB congeners are quantified in water in both dry and wet weather urban flows in Houston, Texas, USA. Total water PCBs ranged from 0.82 to 9.4 ng/L in wet weather and 0.46 to 9.0 ng/L in dry. Wet weather loads were 8.2 times higher (by median) than dry weather with some increases of over 100-fold. The majority of the PCB load was in the dissolved fraction in dry weather while it was in the suspended fraction in wet weather. Dissolved PCB loads were correlated with rain intensity and highly developed land area, and a multiple linear regression (MLR) equation was developed to quantify these correlations. PCA generated five PCB components with nearly all positive loadings. They were interpreted as DOC-associated A1248, wet weather primarily suspended fraction A1254/A1260 likely from building sealants, truly dissolved-associated wastewater dechlorination, watershed-sourced PCB 11, and monochlorinated PCBs (likely connected to a different state or source of dechlorination). The PCB 11 component was statistically higher in wet versus dry weather when no other component showed such clear distinctions. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) did not always group dry and wet weather samples from the same location together illustrating the different congener composition that often exists between dry and wet conditions. Four wet weather samples from high percentage developed land (> 90%) watersheds had nearly the same fingerprint suggesting a generic “urban” signature in runoff, which in this case was caused by residual A1254/A1260 PCB stocks and currently produced PCB 11 in consumer goods.     

Indoor air pollution and its impact on children under five years old in Bangladesh

Indoor air concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and dust particles were measured for 49 biomass and 46 fossil fuel users in urban slums of Dhaka, Bangladesh. The health impacts of these pollutants were assessed on 65 and 51 children under five years old from families who use biomass and fossil fuel as main source of energy, respectively. Mean concentrations of CO were found to be significantly higher in biomass fuel users (P = 0.010), while geometric mean concentrations of benzene, xylene, toluene, hexane, total VOCs, and NO2 were significantly higher (P < 0.01) in the fossil fuel users. Symptoms such as redness of eyes, itching of skin, nasal discharge, cough, shortness of breath, chest tightness, wheezing, or whistling chest were found to be associated with the choice of biomass fuel, with the odds ratio ranging from 4.0 to 6.3. No significant association of use of biomass fuel with respiratory diseases, eczema, diarrhea, or viral fever was observed after adjustment for potential confounders. These results suggest a significant association between the biomass fuel-using population and respiratory symptoms. These symptoms may not be due to the pollutants only, as some other underlying causes may be present. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The health of children under five years old in Bangladesh, especially those living in poor socioeconomic conditions, is considered to be worsening because of indoor air pollution. It is commonly suggested that biomass fuel should be replaced by fossil fuel, as pollution levels are believed to be higher with biomass fuel. Our findings, however, suggest that pollution can be higher with fossil fuels, and indicate that a switch in fuel from biomass to fossil does not necessarily improve the children's health. Awareness programs should therefore be undertaken to avoid the unnecessary use of gas. Clean fuels and clean stoves should also be ensured to reduce emissions of indoor air pollutants.     

公共机构既有建筑绿色改造技术适宜性研究

在对600家国家机关和学校两类典型公共机构既有建筑改造项目调研基础上,分析公共机构典型既有建筑绿色改造的不同需求和绿色特征及其与绿色建筑的差距,确定适宜技术筛选范围和原则,建立公共机构既有建筑绿色改造技术体系和技术适宜性分析方法,按照绿色改造通用技术和非通用技术进行适宜性分析,确定公共机构绿色改造技术适宜性清单及适宜性等级。研究结果适合于区域绿色改造技术规划、技术初步筛选,为公共机构选择绿色改造技术提供技术指引。     

灾害荷载下混凝土框架可靠性分析

本文研究了在灾害荷载作用下 ,构件发生剪切破坏的钢筋混凝土框架结构可靠度计算 ,并通过一算例 ,说明在灾害荷载作用下进行混凝土框架结构可靠度分析时考虑剪切破坏的必要性     

PVC—U塑料门窗型材抗冲改性剂应用

通过对氯化聚乙烯（CPE）和聚丙烯酸酯（ACR）抗冲改性剂的性能及其抗冲机理的分析，对目前国内塑料门窗使用的抗冲改性剂提出了一些建议。     

岩石冲击破坏的数值流形方法模拟(英文)

岩石冲击破坏是一种典型的动力学问题。为了更好地利用数值流形方法对动力学问题进行分析,本文在对原数值流形方法中的动力学问题求解思想进行分析的基础上,采用动力有限元方法中的Newmark法对该算法进行了改进。改进后的数值流形方法与原来相比具有3个明显的优势:①当选择合适的参数后,该方法能够保证解的无条件收敛;②可以采用比原算法大的多的时间步长;③充分地考虑了动力学问题中的阻尼效应。最后通过一个算例说明了改进后的数值流形方法能够很好地模拟岩石在冲击载荷作用下破坏的全过程,克服了有限元法不能模拟岩石破坏后块体运动情况的不足。     

钢筋混凝土底框架商住楼耐火设计审核与火灾扑救

钢筋混凝土底框架商住楼建筑的下部火灾荷载和上部实际重力荷载均较大，在火灾中可能会引起倒塌。以某商住楼火灾倒塌事故为例，依据室内火灾发展规律和结构耐火理论，对此类建筑的耐火设计审核与火灾扑救战术提出建议。